Bismillah,
Assalamualaikum warahmatullah,

InshaAllah, let's continue our journey to learn the life of our great Khalifah, Abdullah ibn Uthman, a.k.a Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq (may Allah be pleased with him).

Sit back and enjoy...!

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Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq, May Allah be pleased with him
~ The Mountain of Truthfulness~

Now that the zakat withholders had been successfully taken care of, the Muslims, under the leadership of Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq (may Allah be pleased with him), moved on to fight the other group, the apostates.


Reasons for Apostasy:
- Recent conversion -- eman were yet to penetrate deeply into their hearts, hence their uncertainty about Islam.

- Tribalism -- they would rather accept a liar from their own tribe than truth brought by members of other tribe.

- Lack of education -- they haven't acquired enough knowledge of Islam to prevent them from acknowledging other prophet than Muhammad sal Allahu 'alayhi wa sallam.

Options given to Arabs:
1. ISLAM, or
2. DEATH (= war)

Options given to the rest of the people:
1. ISLAM, or
2. Remain in their religion and pay Jizyah (= tax given towards the service of protecting them), or
3. War

Why the different treatment?
- The kufr of the Arab = kufr of arrogance, because they actually know where the truth lies.

-The people from Makkah and Madina are not allowed to disobey Allah, lest others will be inclined to follow suit.

-When Arabs hold on to their deen, they are the best of people; when they commit sin, they are the evilest of people.

Huroob ar-Riddah: The War on Apostasy
- Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) formed eleven corps, each with its own commander, flag, and target.

- First corp: led by Khalid al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him), fighting against Tulayha al-Asdee, the first person to attack Madina, and subsequently to proceed against the Bani Tameems.

- Second corp: led by 'Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl (may Allah be pleased with him), fighting against the false prophet, Musaylimah al-Kadhhaab (Musaylimah the Liar) of Banu Hanifah.

- Other commanders were 'Amr ibn al-'Aas, Sharahbil ibn Hasanah, Khalid ibn Sa'id, Turayfah ibn Haajiz, al-'Alaa' ibn Hadrami, 'Aghrafah ibn Harsama, Hudhaifah ibn Muhsan, Muhajir ibn Abi Umayyah, and Suwaid ibn Maqran (may Allah be pleased with them).

Instructions from the Khalifah:
1. Have taqwa and be conscious of Allah the Almighty.

2. Exert the utmost effort and intend it only for the sake of Allah.

3. Do not molest or attack any tribe that respond with the Adhan.

4. Those who do not respond with the Adhan are to be dealt with by fire and sword.

5. All apostates who murder Muslim are to be killed.

6. All apostates who burn Muslims alive are to be punished likewise.

7. Fight until total destruction unless the apostate tribes surrender unconditionally to Islam.

8. Hold tight to the vow they have pledged.

9. Never depart from their assigned target unless instructed otherwise.

"... And he who refuses to return to Islam, and persists in hostility will be given no quarter; force will be used against him, he will be put to sword, slaughtered, or burnt to death..." -- Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)

"... Calling the Adhan will be regarded as an indication of the acceptance of Islam. If there is no Adhan, this will be taken to mean that the tribe persists in its apostasy." -- Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)

Riddah Conflict 1: vs. Tulayha as-Asdee of Banu Asad
- 9th Hijra, he came to the Prophet (may peace be upon him) and became Muslim.

- 10th Hijra, he became murtad and laid claim to prophethood.

- The Prophet (peace be upon him) instructed that he be killed, but the mission failed and his tribe began to claim that no sword could harm their so-called 'prophet'.

- When the Prophet (peace be upon him) passed away, many other tribes started to acknowledge Tulayha as the prophet, claiming that a living prophet was to be preferred to a dead one.

- Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) commisioned Khalid al-Walid's corp to confront them.

- Tulayha himself did not partake in the battle. He hid inside a tent, pretending to await inspiration from Heaven.

- His followers soon realized that he was an imposter when he sent out a nonsense and ambiguous message which he claimed to come from Allah.

- They retreated and most of the tribes surrendered and accepted Islam.

- Tulayha escaped to as-Shaam with his wife and later on reembraced Islam when it came to as-Shaam.

- Later, he joined the Muslim army in the battles of Qadisiyyah and Nahawand, and become a shaheed in the latter one.